QUIZ 5- REFLECTIONS

QUIZ 5

REFLECTIONS

            This history class has helped me better understand the concept of world history. The main topics that became very clear to me were the social, religious, political and economical implications that the Eurasian Empires went through to gain power and the also the migration of the Iberians into the Western world. I found it very interesting to know how much religion played an important role in all of the Empires. Reading the chapters and blogging about the chapters prior to class helped me be prepared for class. In class discussion and in-class lecture helped me clarify any questions that I had from the readings. One of my favorite exercises was the class debate. One of debate was about the Mongols being a true Empire or not. The debates lead to good questions, facts, supporting information to defend the indented point. The other class exercise I thought was interesting and fun was about the oppression of women in the class and how women able to overcame and innovate a way to convey their message. I come to the realization that religion and civilization are inseparable. To this day, religion has a major influence in society and we tend to behave based on our religious beliefs. Societies are shaped based on the religious believes of the majority in power.

Throughout history we have learned that there has always been injustice, social and political inequalities, and persecution. Percussion of the weak, the poor, and the one that stands out as different (scapegoat). The interpretation of the past can have different meaning from eras, to centuries or even decades. For example slavery in the sixteen century was at one time acceptable by most empires. Slavery lasted around 365 years until the Slavery Abolishment Act in 1833. The new generation of college students in the twentieth-first century have a difficult understanding why this injustice went-on for almost four centuries just because the other person was of color. Most college students now are more open minded to culture, religious and gender differences.

The interpretation of evidence can be misinterpreted at times depending on who is reading or writing the article. One good example is the article about the existence of the seafaring communities. Historian differ in opinion on when and where did they exist. How did the seafaring communities evolved, how did they migrate and why. Some historians agree of their existence and believe in the confirmation of historical findings with the use of radiocarbon artifacts found that date to the end Pleistocene and early Holocene period. Others historians believed that seafaring evolved later and migrated. They concluded that these seafaring communities lacked the ability plan their migration along the Pacific Coast; instead, they believe that the migration of the seafaring communities happened by complete accident.

Industrial globalization has shaped the way we do business around the world up to the twentieth century. Beginning with world trade that emerged within the Eurasian Empires to the Western Hemisphere. The main goal of trade was to expand their goods beyond their own Empires. 1492 was a pivotal era, when Columbus came to America in search for gold, god, and glory. Trade expanded to the Western World, the main goal was to gain wealth. For the missionaries was an opportunity to extend Christendom and an opportunity for a better life for the poor. Cultural Globalization was also transmitted along with international trade.  With processes of international integration arising from increasing human connectivity and interchange of products, ideas, language and other aspects of culture also changed. This process is marked by the spread of commodities and ideologies, which become standardized around the world. Art, literature and architecture has also expanded through the years: It began in Italy that eventually spread throughout Europe. They were inspired by the arts and literature of the Asian Greece and Rome. It became influential in setting the standard for education in the seventeen century. From the fourteen century up to the twentieth century, the renaissance movement continues to be very important pivotal in education.

Writing my research paper has helped me realize that history is not just about past event, instead, about continues changes in society. History is about new occurrences in life, critical events from the past that depicts major changes in society. After completing my research paper, I came to the conclusion that everyone has a story. We all have a story to tell to the next generation up

7/9/12 QUIZ 4

Sheila Romero

Hist/Summer

07/09/12

QUIZ 4

1)    The Iberians came to the Western Hemisphere in search for gold, God, Glory.

The poor noble men and commoners came to gain wealth, missionaries wanting to expand Christendom. The persecuted wanted a new life.

2)    It all began in Italy 1350-1500 BC. It reflected the belief that the wealthy was living in a new era. They were inspired by the arts and literature of the Asian Greece and Rome. The purpose was to use that as an educational standard to imitate and eventually surpass it.

3)    1348 was the bubonic plague or the Black Death that caused 1.5 million people out of 4 million to die. Flea-infested rats that carry the disease to humans caused it.

1492 is when Columbus came to America in search for gold, god, and glory.

They were both significantly important.

4)    Great Dying was genocide that killed 90% of its population. They died as the result of lack of immunity, they didn't have the animals that could have helped them develop immunity against the disease,and others died of hunger. In 1969 great dying was not recognized as Genocide.

5)    Saint Dominguez was the world richest colony. It produced 40% of the worlds sugar and half of the coffee production. The slaves were in rampant exploitation, abused and killed. The slaves revolted against the French rule and became successfully free and independent citizen.

6)    Colonial rules created conditions that facilitated the production for crop-cash for local farmers. Some colonies specialized in one or two crops creating and unhealthy dependence. It affected Africans because they became slave to work the crops. They were removed from their homes, cultures, forced to do forced-labor, they were branded, and exploited.

BLOG 8

Saturday, July 7, 2012

BLOG 8

Blog 8 CHAPTERS 21-24

In the nineteenth century gave the opportunity for communist groups to develop. Communist movements came to China and the Soviet Union and also Eastern Europe during the World War II. These socialist ideas were inspired by the teachings of Karl Marx. This socialist mentality came to the conclusion through democratic process that they could achieve peace. The Marxist ideas, was the search for equality and collective living for its entire people. To achieve equality for all it was to dismantle private property and business. According to Strayer, “at communism’s high point in the 1970’s almost on-third of the world’s population lived in societies governed by communist regimes” (p. 660) These communist regimes embraced socialist modernity. They attacked social and gender inequalities, as well as encouraging of, “cultural values of selfness and collectivism that could support a socialist society” (p. 668). This Marxist ideology encouraged the higher officials to lead by example. They carried themselves as disciples and selfless, and loyal to they’re country. The main focus of socialism was that all that pertain to the function of the country had to be approved by government. The state controlled almost the entire economy, politics, education and the media. All large organizations such as for women, workers, students were also under the party’s control and none had independence from government. Communist Feminism gave rise to one of the most revolutionary movements. The main purpose was to mobilize women and implement women’s liberation. “In 1919, the party set up a special organization called Zhenotdel (Women’s Department)” (p.669). This organization was led by women and dealt with issues that pertain to women only. They trained women with job skills, prenatal classes, they publish their own newspapers, magazines and encourage Muslim woman to remove their veil which caused a strong opposition from Muslim man.

Economic globalization has generated inequalities at all across the board. In the United States, the division between manufacturing companies and the cost for labor shed millions of manufacturing jobs by sending them overseas for cheap labor. That cause and increase unemployment of unskilled Americans. Most of these manufacturing jobs went to Asia, or Latin America. Even some skilled computer programing jobs were moved to India, Russia and Ireland. That caused a definitely increase on the number of unemployed Americans. New political movements developed to show the disapproval and criticizing globalization. Global justice movements emerged in 1990s such as an international coalition of political activists, concerned scholars as and students, trade unions, women’s and religious organizations, environmental groups. Many people opposed to this kind of globalization and resisted to the American power and influence.

Globalization of Liberation was an powerful idea. “Communist promised workers and peasants liberation from capitalist oppression, Nationalism offered subject peoples liberation from imperialism and advocates of democracy sough liberation from authoritarian governments” (p. 734). Within the United States, the civil rights demands of African Americans and Hispanic American and as well as a constant disapproval of the Vietnam War set the country for protests by students, and middle-class people supporting. People in general were horrified to all of the injustice and police brutality that was being exposed by the media.

BLOG 8

Blog 8 CHAPTERS 21-24

In the nineteenth century gave the opportunity for communist groups to develop. Communist movements came to China and the Soviet Union and also Eastern Europe during the World War II. These socialist ideas were inspired by the teachings of Karl Marx. This socialist mentality came to the conclusion through democratic process that they could achieve peace. The Marxist ideas, was the search for equality and collective living for its entire people. To achieve equality for all it was to dismantle private property and business. According to Strayer, “at communism’s high point in the 1970’s almost on-third of the world’s population lived in societies governed by communist regimes” (p. 660) These communist regimes embraced socialist modernity. They attacked social and gender inequalities, as well as encouraging of, “cultural values of selfness and collectivism that could support a socialist society” (p. 668). This Marxist ideology encouraged the higher officials to lead by example. They carried themselves as disciples and selfless, and loyal to they’re country. The main focus of socialism was that all that pertain to the function of the country had to be approved by government. The state controlled almost the entire economy, politics, education and the media. All large organizations such as for women, workers, students were also under the party’s control and none had independence from government. Communist Feminism gave rise to one of the most revolutionary movements. The main purpose was to mobilize women and implement women’s liberation. “In 1919, the party set up a special organization called Zhenotdel (Women’s Department)” (p.669). This organization was led by women and dealt with issues that pertain to women only. They trained women with job skills, prenatal classes, they publish their own newspapers, magazines and encourage Muslim woman to remove their veil which caused a strong opposition from Muslim man.

Economic globalization has generated inequalities at all across the board. In the United States, the division between manufacturing companies and the cost for labor shed millions of manufacturing jobs by sending them overseas for cheap labor. That cause and increase unemployment of unskilled Americans. Most of these manufacturing jobs went to Asia, or Latin America. Even some skilled computer programing jobs were moved to India, Russia and Ireland. That caused a definitely increase on the number of unemployed Americans. New political movements developed to show the disapproval and criticizing globalization. Global justice movements emerged in 1990s such as an international coalition of political activists, concerned scholars as and students, trade unions, women’s and religious organizations, environmental groups. Many people opposed to this kind of globalization and resisted to the American power and influence.

Globalization of Liberation was an powerful idea. “Communist promised workers and peasants liberation from capitalist oppression, Nationalism offered subject peoples liberation from imperialism and advocates of democracy sough liberation from authoritarian governments” (p. 734). Within the United States, the civil rights demands of African Americans and Hispanic American and as well as a constant disapproval of the Vietnam War set the country for protests by students, and middle-class people supporting. People in general were horrified to all of the injustice and police brutality that was being exposed by the media.

BLOG 7

Blog 7 Chapters 17-20

The Atlantic Revolution that emerged from the French Revolution was setting the tone to other Revolutions to come. The French Revolution was the result of the tension within society. The French Noble society and the privileged were upset with the monarchy’s effort to make them pay new taxes. The middle-class educated such as lawyer, doctors, and merchant population were offended by the fact that they not allowed to enjoy the life style of their fellow nobleman. Declining incomes, unemployment, and increasing prices of food directly affected ordinary people.

The Peasants were mandated to pay higher dues to their landlords, pay state taxes and work the roads without pay. The French Revolution was an attack to end inequalities among French societies. The Enlightenment gave ide and hope and equal opportunities.

The North American Revolution was different than the French Revolution. It was a revolution fought to claim political independence from the British government. The British government suddenly had decided to impose new tariffs and taxes without the Americans consent. The American disapproved and demanded independence from the British rule. Americans had developed their own way of life and sense government and fought for a more democratic life style. North American offered more opportunities for the middle class, religions tolerance, freedom and equality. The North American Revolution inaugurated the Declaration of Independence in 1776.

The Revolution in Haiti was the most violent and bloody of all. After the French Revolution the slaves in Haiti wanted personal freedom. Freedom from their oppressor they were feed-up of the enormous inequalities, exploitations and abuse.

Haiti became the first in history were slaved revolted against the oppressors. Haiti slaves became free and equal citizen and the French rule was eliminated.

The industrial civilization evolved from Western Europe. Great Britain was the first to generate industrial civilization and within 250 years achieved a worldwide presence. They developed an exceptional number of goods, in an unrealistic manner never seen before. They believed that goods could constantly be improved. It began with the production of textiles, the steam engine locomotive and ocean ships. Soon after the industrial civilization moved to the production of iron, steel, food production, chemicals, fertilizers, pottery, printing and others. In the twentieth century the Industrial Revolution spread and some Latin American and Asian countries developed oil, gas, and new technology emerged. Some of these technologies marked a significant time in history such the manufacture of cars, airplanes, electronics and computers.

European influence was a common factors shared by people from China, Japan and Ottoman Empire. The European power that controlled over these three empires led to four dimensions of European imperialism that China, Japan and Ottoman had to deal with. One was the possibility of military presence of rival European states. Second, they became caught-up with trade and investment. Third, they became influenced by European culture, language, religion, literature and philosophical views. Fourth, they got on board with the modern world that the European society had, as well, new ideas such as nationalism, socialism, feminism and individualism.

6/25/12

Sheila Romero

World History test 3

6/25/12

1)   Mongols were nomads that made their living from agriculture and husbandry. On that same ideology they generated an impressive economic civilization with a substantial population. They were a significant civilization, they conquest 3 major civilization; China, Persia and Russia. Mongols assimilated to all of those existing civilization, had a very strong army and were very well organized. As they moved to another empire they would leave their trademarks, such as their courier system, court settings, laws and military foundation.

2)   Islam evolved from one single individual named Muhammad Abdulla. He was against political injustice, and religious corruption of Mecca. Muhammad considered himself the messenger of Allah. Their sacred scriptures Quaran, was to be read in Arabic to receive the Holy message of God. Mecca was the main location for trade. It was located between two rival empires, Byzantine Empire and Sassanid Empire. All types of people gather at Mecca for trade one main advantage to being Muslim was to avoid the payment of Jizya or taxes. Taxes were enforced to non-Muslim. Another advantage to being Muslim was to receive protection and possibly have a social position.

3)   Silk Road; created an extensive and sustained of exchange among diverse cultures. It connected Eurasia by land. Through these roads it connected pastoral, agricultural people and major civilization. Silk roads was named after it’s main product silk. Silk was used as currency and was a sign of high status.

Sea Road; Sea based commerce along the Indian Ocean basin. I connected China and the East of Africa. It brought people from all across the Easter Hemisphere together. It was significant because it brought supplies from other civilization that was not accessible in their own land. These ships carried larger items and high quantities. Sea trade was possible due to the Monsoons’ alternating winds that blow eastern in the summer times.

Sand Road; It was long distance commerce from the vast reaches of the Sahara connecting North Africa and the Mediterranean world.

5)

500 BC--------------------------------------------------1453 A
                       Persia                                      Byzantium

                                 Rome

                                              
                                        Greek

                                                  Mayan

                                                           Teotihuacan

                                                                              China

                                                                                  Islam        

                                                                                            Modern World

6)  China re-built its empire after the Mongols were defeated. Rebuilt their forest, cultivation, irrigation system, Maritimes was superb, and trade was strong in the South China Sea and Asian ports.

Blog-6 Chapters 14-16

Blog 6 Chapters 14-16

These three chapters were very interesting to read. It has more recent events that are still connected and continues up into the 21^st century. During the 1450-1750 major changes evolved from the European Empires across to the new land, the Western Hemisphere. According to Strayer, “European colonies from Spain, Portuguese, French and Dutch and British were developed in the new land across the Atlantic Ocean.”(p.403). It was a major transformation of new societies. It became a mixing-pot of diverse peoples and cultures all mixed together. It was globalization process that created the Americas. Europe’s American empires mentioned above were different that other types of conquest in the past. The idea normally was to attempt to overpower the empire next to their borders. The European Empires in the Americas was different. They set out for maritime expeditions across the Atlantic Ocean and settled in the eastern coast of North America, Brazil, they conquest the Aztecs and the Inca Empires as well. These European people wanted to extend their access to better commerce and decided to expand. The commoners, missionaries, and persecuted minorities where in search of freedom and a new opportunity in life. Over time these European took over the lands, developed new societies and advance in the agriculture of food crops such as potatoes, cassava and corn and which became a very strong source of commerce.

During the 1450-1750 commerce became a key element to globalization. Global commerce came as the result international trading of supply in demand. This commerce gave rise to human slave trade, spice trade, silver, and furs in which forever changed the life of humans and the natural environment. Through all of these changes came the sense of major inequalities, unfairness, and abuse in the life of slaves as well the indigenous people and American Indian tribes. On the other hand, it benefited the slave-owners with cheap or free labor. During the fifteen century due to the population growth, Spain, Portugal, England, and France they decided to tax their people, began a strong military force that were well equipped. As the population was growing, their cities were developing as well.

“England, Netherlands and northern Italy became centers of international commerce and the capitalist economy expanded given rise to private business, and investment.” (p. 434) Global circulation of trade goods evolved and by the nineteenth century all the empires had ceased and by the twentieth century slavery had been legally terminated and the global commerce still continued strong.

Globalization of Christianity was mainly the result of the European traditions that were brought to America and became a strong influence in the new society. This religion of Middle Eastern origin became a very influential religion. At the same time a new group of European thinkers were generating a new philosophy about religion. This was known as the “Scientific Revolution, a different approach to the explanation to the world.” (p. 461) The expansion of multiple religions around the world over centuries have shaped and influenced different societies up to the twentieth century. From Christianity with a Middle Eastern origin, expanded throughout Europe to America to the Philippines and Siberia. Multiple Asia and African populations took on and practice the Islamic religion, which originated from the Arabs. Buddhism originated from India and continues to be practice in Asian countries.